Air-cooled chillersCapacity checked against today's loads. New units selected at the 48 °C design ambient we use on every page and specified to keep running, unloaded, up to 52 °C on a hot roof, with coated condenser coils and spacing and screens checked for hot-air recirculation. At submittal, each new unit is checked against the SBC 601 minimum efficiency at AHRI 550/590 rating conditions, full and part load, and its SASO 2874 conformity; it uses a refrigerant with a long service future, so the plant isn't stranded by the refrigerant phase-down. Our method: units replaced one at a time between November and March, on lift dates chosen from your occupancy forecast, away from Riyadh Season peaks and major events. Where the remaining chillers can carry the load, they do; where they can't, we bring in temporary cooling for each swap. Either way, the survey tells you which before you approve the budget. The old unit is isolated, its refrigerant recovered by certified technicians, and craned off with the street closure permitted; the new one goes onto a checked plinth and is commissioned before the next is touched. Where it is bigger or heavier, the roof structure and the noise at the top-floor rooms are checked first, and the top guest floor is held back from sale on lift days. Because commissioning happens in winter, we return in the first July or August, log supply temperatures, head pressure, and chiller-only and whole-plant kW/TR (kilowatts of electricity per ton of refrigeration) at peak load, and re-balance if the far rooms are not holding setpoint. Chiller-only results are compared with the maker's rated curve at the logged ambient. The results are added to the test and commissioning records (CT-11), and the item stays open on the defects list until it passes.
Chilled water pumpsPumps on variable-speed drives controlled from the index circuit, and 3-way valves converted to 2-way, with a minimum-flow bypass checked against each chiller's minimum evaporator flow. The plant then holds its design temperature difference, the furthest rooms get their share, and pump energy falls at part load, which is most of the year.
District cooling energy transfer stationsWhere the hotel buys chilled water from a district cooling network, the plant room is the energy transfer station (ETS): plate heat exchangers, control valves and the energy meter. We check the approach temperature and the supply-to-return temperature difference (ΔT) against the provider's contract, because a low return temperature is usually billed as a low-ΔT penalty and starves the top floors. We work on the building (secondary) side. The primary side, the heat exchangers and the energy meter normally belong to the provider, so fouled plates are logged and raised with the provider to clean. On the building side, 3-way valves become 2-way and the secondary pumps are re-set on differential pressure.
AHUs and fresh air unitsCoils, fans and filters renewed, with sand-trap louvres and pre-filters on the intakes. Fresh air rates checked against the SBC 501 ventilation tables, with heat recovery on the fresh air units where SBC 601 requires it.
Fan coil unitsReplaced floor by floor with low-energy EC-fan units selected for NC 30–35 in the room at the fan speed guests actually use, pressure-independent control valves, new drain pans and thermostats. Each floor is flushed through a bypass before the new coils go on line, and the loop gets closed-circuit water treatment.
Heating for 4-pipe fan coilsHeating hot water from an air-to-water heat pump on the roof, so 4-pipe fan coils can heat and cool through the winter months.
Controls and BMS, then HVAC testing and balancingPlant and room controls tied into the BMS, with guest room energy management (key card, and an occupancy setback that raises the cooling setpoint when the room is empty). Controls are commissioned against a points list and written sequences, with point-to-point and functional tests. Separately, the HVAC air and water systems are tested and balanced (T&B), witnessed by you.